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The Greek philosphers believed in objective virtues without necessarily making recourse to divinity. At the very least, the gods didn't go about saying 'you must do this, you must do that' in the Judeo-Xian way.
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Those virtues, however, were dependent upon the existence of a "higher" realm of ideas. There was still an element of mysticism in that line of thought.
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What about Augustine's solution, that evil is the absence of good, or distance from God?
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Doesn't good need the alternative of evil in order to be defined as good? Good can't exist without evil.
EDIT: It's similar to how "truth" is a meaningless term if there isn't a possibility of falsehood. In Augustine's definition, it ceases being a choice between "good and evil" and becomes a choice between mere "obedience and disobedience."